TIE DYE EXPERIMENT
Tiarra Santiago
        H-18
  

Pre-lab Questions:

1.) Where did the art of dying fibers originate?

     The art of dying fiber originated from India or China

2.) Originally, what type of substances were used to dye?

       Substances used to dye were plants such as the bark, berries, flowers, leaves, and roots
and animals. 

3.) What are the fibers of the shirt made of?

        The fibers of the shirt are made of cotton.

4.) What chemical interaction is occurring when fibers are dyed?
        The chemical interaction occurring when fibers are dyed are ionic bonding.

Procedure: The point of tie dying is to prevent the dye from reaching the fabric evenly. Any place the dye can’t reach will stay white, or a lighter color. You can accomplish this by folding the fabric, tying it with string, using rubber bands

Step 1: With a permanent marker, write your name on the cloth you will be tie dying. There will be many other shirts in the lab during this activity; be sure yours is marked to avoid losing it.

Step 2: Soak your cloth in the hot water for about 5 minutes. Be sure you put it in the tub marked for your period.

Step 3: Put on a pair of gloves, remove your cloth from the soaking tub and wring out. Using the below diagrams, tie you cloth in one (or a combination of) the methods shown using string or rubber bands.

Step 4: Dye application. Apply the dye using the applicator bottles. Be aware that mixing will occur where the dyes come in contact with each other. Using complimentary colors (purple and yellows, blues and orange, or red and green) near each other usually produces a brownish black color. Also, the more dye you put on a given spot, the less white will remain on the final product.

Step 5: Place your dye-soaked item in a grocery or other plastic bag marked clearly with your name. No pooling of liquid should appear in the bag.

Step 6: After the cloth has soaked for at least 24 hours, open the bag, remove the item, and rinse it several times with warm water, before removing strings or rubber bands. Once it is rinsing clean, remove the ties and rinse several times again until it is rinsing clean. At this point, you can hang it to dry or place it in another bag to take home and wash.

Data:

1.) Write down a synopsis of what occurred before the dyeing of the shirt.  

  Before dying the shirt , it was first tied in a knot and placed in a bucket of cold water for 5 minutes. The shirt was then wringed out so it could be damp but not dripping wet. Before dying the shirt, safety precautions were to put a pair of gloves and goggles.

2.) Explain the process used to dye your shirt - pattern, tying method.

3.) After the shirt sat for 24 hours, describe the pattern of the shirt - picture, if possible.

After 24 hours of letting the shirt sit , the pattern I recreated, which was the bullseye, came out a success. The dye absorbed completely and the pattern was noticeably shown on the front and back of the shirt.



Post Lab Questions:

1.) If you dyed a rainbow spiral on a shirt and then soaked it in a black dye bath, the result would be a black shirt with a rainbow spiral pattern. Why doesn’t the entire shirt dye black?

High Quality dyes (fiber-active dyes) actually chemically (covalent) bond to the molecules of the fabric and can never be washed out. The dye molecules carry a “chromophore”, which absorb varying spectrums of light, allowing only certain spectrums to reflect  

2. What is the purpose of soaking the shirts in the hot water for 5 minutes?

 The purpose of soaking the shirts is it causes the releases a H atom from the cellulose molecule. The removal of the H atom leaves the cellulose molecule with some atoms that do not have stable octets.

3. Why is 100% cotton the best type of cloth to use with fiber reactive dyes?
Cotton is ideal for dying because the fibers are naturally hollow, and the dye molecules will form bonds on both the inside and outside of the fiber.

4. What are some advantages of fiber reactive dyes?

High Quality dyes (fiber-active dyes) actually chemically (covalent) bond to the molecules of the fabric and can never be washed out.

5. Explain how ionic bonding is used to dye the shirts in this lab.

   Ionic bonding is used because the dye has a positive charge and the cellulose has a negative charge which bond together